Saturday, August 11, 2018

SETS OF CONCEPTS {MICROECONOMICS}


·     DEMAND
                 
                     We can state demand in simple way, demand is nothing but its desire, wants and ability to purchase a good or hire service.

DETERMINANTES OF DEMAND
          Meaning of determinate is simple way is having the power or quantity of deciding. So, there is five determinants of demand: -
·       Price of the goods/services
·       Price of related goods/services
·       Consumer Income
·       Testes
·       Preferences

LAW OF DEMAND
            
             The law f demand state that inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded at the given time of period.
              
               In simple language we can say that when the price of goods rises people buys less of that goods. When the price fall people buy more of it with other things remaining same.


EXAMPLES:-

1)Day before yesterday I went to buy  a my regular face wash i.e  GARNIER MEN FACE WASH of ₹ 80 for 200 gm tube, but I choose another substitute product i.e Ponds Men Face Wash because its price was cheaper than garnier men face wash price was hiked by ₹89 per 200 gm per tube and pond s men face wash was of ₹ 80 for 200 gm per tube…..
         (here i experienced law of demand because I choose ponds face wash rather than garnier because that was best alternate good for me within same price in my range of price).

2) Last month I went for shopping to buy shirts for me in D mart shopping mall… and where I found that lots of shirt with different brands were available there, but I wanted to buy a my fav shirt of fav brand i.e  LEVIS..  but the cost was out of my budget and prefer the first copy of brand within my range and I bought the shirts…
 Levis original price was ;- Rs 1800/-
 Levis copy price was  ;- Rs 1000/-
  (her I experienced the the law of demand because I choose the best goods according my budget).


·    INFERIOR GOODS
                                     
                                  Inferior goods are those goods when the income of the consumer increases and the demand of the good and services decreases according to their needs and satisfaction.
                                         
                                     Consumption of inferior goods are inversely related to or get affected by the consumer incomes.

               Reference to image :-   https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwjm-IPzseXcAhXGTX0KHdxXAk0QjRx6BAgBEAU&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.knowledgiate.com%2Fincome-demand-curve%2F&psig=AOvVaw35Y4vNW1y6sWnApgxtBMaV&ust=1534090280292065
            
Examples: -
1.   Recently I was using the mobile phone worth rupees 1000/- i.e Samsung guru single slot sim. When my father got promotion and his salary was raised then he gifted me the new brand phone of vivo worth rupees 12,000/-.
2.  When I was using the that old Samsung guru phone with no facility or service of internet, my recharge price for one month was rs 99 /- now I got new vivo phone which has 4g internet facility my recharge of internet service is rs 199 for a month.
  
(from above example 1&2 I experienced that when my father income was raised I change my inferior i.e Samsung guru and choose vivo then I also found the increase of my recharge services according to my needs)


SUPERIOR GOODS
  Superior goods are those goods as income rises of a consumer the demand of superior goods will also increases or consumption of inferior goods which was previously consumed by the consumer will change or move to next best and higher level of consumption's of that goods.

·       Superior goods have two characteristics:-
1. Must be scarce in nature
2.  Must be high in price
                 
IMAGE REFRENCE: -https://www.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fqph.fs.quoracdn.net%2Fmain-qimg-17c5e9abdf85a3b63e448aeccea7d35d-c&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.quora.com%2FHow-do-changes-in-income-affect-the-demand-for-a-good&docid=W_ejMK4adZoiRM&tbnid=UoKxMp-tmGDlfM%3A&vet=10ahUKEwjhvreZu-XcAhUlTo8KHckUDU4QMwh0KCwwLA..i&w=303&h=254&bih=613&biw=1366&q=superior%20goods%20definition&ved=0ahUKEwjhvreZu-XcAhUlTo8KHckUDU4QMwh0KCwwLA&iact=mrc&uact=8

EXAMPLES; -
1.  Last DIWALI festival my father got Diwali bonus from his office and he bought new GOLD necklace for my mother before that gold necklace, my mother used to wear a silver necklace.
2.  My uncle is business man he has transport business all over the state of West Bengal [shree Balaji traders and transport] he used to ride the Honda city car. After when he started transporting the good beyond the west Bengal territory his business expanded and now he bought luxurious car i.e AUDI Q3 which is superior than the Honda city car…

(from example one and two I feel the substitution of inferior goods over the superior goods i.e my mother replaces the silver necklace to Gold necklace as my father income hike up then from example two my uncle chooses luxury car over the inferior goods, his previous car as expansion of his business and increase in income,)


COMPLIMENTARY GOODS

Complimentary  Goods are those as name suggested that which compliments each other or interrelated to each other or dependent to each other, or we can say that a goods demand is increase when the price of another goods is decreases.


    


EXAMPLES;-
1.      In class x in 2010 I was riding bicycle when I passed out class tenth my father bought me a new motorcycle because on that time the petrol was in Odisha/Bhubaneswar was rs 61.47 p/l  and and demand of that bike was high because it was newly launched i.e hero Honda impulse and we found that price of that bike was too high comparability today's price.
2.      In our home the we are the user of DTH service of Tata sky hd … when the Indian govt IBF ordered all the cable operators to provide dth box rather than the cable connections in home and then the demand of DTH services was high on same time the the price of tvs are bought down.

(from example one and two we can conclude that the complimentary goods are interrelated to each other when the price of petrol was decreased the hike in the price of the bike was increases. And same with the dth services and the tv)


SUBSTITUTION GOODS
                                        As the name suggested that substitute goods are those goods which can be replaced with another good with same satisfaction and same wants in another words we can explain that if a good demand is increased when the price of another goods increases.


EXAMPLE ;-
1.    In Odisha 2013 it was the time of during rainy season in September the cyclone hits the whole ODISHA named PHYLINE and whole Odisha bear the great loss as effect of this natural calamity we always consumed the rice which is worth of ₹40 per kg plain basmati rice but unavailability due to cyclone its price was hiked to ₹55 per kg and we have to substitute that rice with local bolide rice worth rupees of ₹35 per kg.
2.     During that cyclone period the price of gas cylinder was also hiked due to black marketing and unavailability of transport so people substitute the gas cylinder with kerosene burner stove for prepare the foods for the certain time of period.

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